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Respect
for other people's things implies to know and to feel that we should
not use what is not ours, and if in a specific moment we need what
does not belong to us, we cannot take it if we do not count on the
approval of its owner.
But it
is also something else. It is to know how to appreciate, to recognize
and to take care of the work of others, for example not to destroy
the material goods that other people make and that we use ourselves,
such as the cleaning of the city, the care of the trees in the park,
etc.
Something
very important to consider in this value is what was said in the middle
of the 19th century by the Mexican president Benito Juárez,
who expressed his famous phrasew, which is still taught in many schools,
"The respect to other people's right is peace".
With simple
words, through activities for his age, the child has to relate the
respect to other people's belongings to peace.
Respect
is a value to be formed from the first ages of life, the little child
does not have the notion yet of what belongs to him or not, he does
not even know that he is an independent being from the others, but
as his intellect advances, and develops emotionally, he understands
what is his and what is not, although he goes through a long stage
in which he wants everything for himself. However, it is necessary
to teach him that he must not take in a violent way from his friends
what belongs to them, nor to take in any case what does not belong
to him without the consent of the owner, to take care and to respect,
for example, the work of the person who cleans the school, the gardener
who takes care of and plants the flowers of the garden, among others.
In order
to work with the children the notions of respect for other people's
things, it is necessary to understand that at this age, although they
know how they must act, it is not possible for them to always follow
the norms, that is, that their conduct can vary according to the degree
of interest or attention that the situation awakens in them, it is
for that reason that it is not enough to give them knowledge, but
we must awake the interest to behave as desired, in this way one will
also work on the formation and development of the children’s
emotions and feelings.
This means
that the process by which the child feels the necessity to act following
a norm is slow and will depend on how one works to obtain it. The
understanding of what is considered good or bad actions in the performance
of others is important for the formation of the children from 3 to
6 years old. For this, one must take advantage of certain situations
that appear during the course of the day in the centre to make them
notice these actions in others.
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ACTIVITY
No 1
"CONTEST: RESPECT FOR OTHER PEOPLE'S RIGHTS
IS PEACE"
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Summary
of the activity:
There will be a dramatization of a story about the consequences of
taking other people's things and a drawing contest and stories on
the subject "Respect for other people's work", and finally
there will be an exhibition with the works selected as winners of
the contest.
Objectives:
• That the children know why it is necessary to respect other
people's belongings.
• To develop in the children feelings of respect towards other
people's property, and their work.
Procedures:
• Dramatization
• Conversion
• Observation
• Elaboration
Material
Resources: Colour pencils, temperas, watercolours, sheets,
costumes for the little mice, bee, bear, cricket, and a big bag.
Development of the activity:
1st Part
There will be a dramatization of a story with actions, titled:
"Bigotín.
The
educator will begin to tell the story:
1.
- Bigotín was a very generous and respectful little mouse.
One
beautiful summer afternoon, Bigotín went out very happily to
take a stroll in the country, after having helped his father to clean
their house.
He
went along the way jumping and singing like that: (A
child can represent the character of the little mouse still sweaty
for all the work done. The child singing and jumping, as the mouse
would do will say):
I
am Bigotín
the field mouse
that helps everybody
and sings for everybody.
2.
- Bigotín, while he sang, heard very, but very sad sobs around
him; he began to look around and he saw a little bee crying in a flower.
-
Why are you crying little bee? (The
child that is playing Biotin’s role asks)
The
little bee between sobs answered: - Because a bear came this way and
he has taken my honeycomb with the bees inside a big bag. (A
girl who represents the little bee simulates to be very sad and tearful,
with her wings fallen)
3.—Don’t
cry, Bigotín answered; I will look for the bear and will save
the bees (The
child that plays the Bigotin’s role leaves running until he
sees on the way a butterfly and he greets her):
-
Good morning butterfly! Have you seen around here a bear that took
something that is not his, a big bag with a honeycomb of scared little
bees?
-
Yes - the butterfly answered - He has just passed very worried by
my side with a tied big bag, I will follow him with you and we both
will find him and we will make it pay dearly for his mistake.
Bigotín
thanked the butterfly and both continued walking until they met a
cricket (Both
children hold hands and walk).
4.
- Good morning, Mr. Cricket! Have you seen around here a bear that
does not respect what does not belong to him and that has taken the
honeycomb of the little bee?
(Bigotín says)
-
Yes - the cricket answered - He has just passed by my side with a
tied big bag, but if you want I will also look for him. (A
child plays the role of the cricket and holding hands, Bigotín,
the butterfly and the cricket continue walking)
Bigotín
thanked the cricket that joined them and they all went running
5.
- Finally they found the bear; Mr. Cricket and the butterfly distracted
his attention while Bigotín nibbled the big bag and all the
bees left surrounding the bear.
(The
children who represent these little animals will have to carry out
the following actions: The butterfly will fly in front of the bear
to distract him, the cricket will whistle to distract him as well.
Bigotín will do as if he nibbled a big bag and a small group
of children as if they were threatening bees will surround the child
who plays the role of the bear, who will show an expression of fear
in his face).
The
bear very scared by the angry swarm asked for mercy, and he said:
- Please, I only wanted to put the bees to work for me, so that they
produced honey to feed me.
It
was then that the cricket told it: - The bees do not belong to you;
the one that takes other people's things deserves a punishment. (The
child that plays the role of the cricket will look at the bear in
a threatening way).
Bigotín,
as I have told you at the beginning of the story, was a very generous
little mouse, he asked the bees to pardon the bear, but not before
this one regretted and swore that he had learned the lesson and that
he would never take over other people's things for his own benefit.
2nd Part
The educator will ask the children if they liked the play
and will hold a dialogue about what happened in it, emphasizing how
it is necessary to respect other people's things to live peacefully,
like the bear that took by force what was not his for its own benefit,
he had made the bees attack him and thanks to the generosity of the
little mouse peace between the animals was obtained.
3rd Part
The educator will speak to the children on the need to respect
other people's belongings, and he will present situations to them
where people are reprimanded or that are fined for stepping on the
grass, for not taking care of the flowers in the park, for painting
the school walls, for throwing papers and waste in the streets etc.
They
are people who deserve to be fined as the grass, the flowers, the
school are the product of other people’s work, and it is necessary
to respect it.
Later
he will let the children give their opinions on the subject, to tell
their experiences and will ask them to participate in the celebration
of a drawing contest in the classroom. The participants will do a
drawing or a story on a subject suggested by the teacher: "Respect
for other people's work". The children helped by their parents
will bring the drawing or will make a story and they will show it
in the classroom, the best drawings and stories will be rewarded.
4th Part
There will be an exhibition on the winning drawings and
stories.
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CRITERIAL
ASSESSMENT |
Observed
conduct |
YES |
NO |
Comments |
They
got the message of the "Bigotín" story. |
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They
made stories and drawings that showed feelings of respect for other
people's belongings. |
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They
criticized the behaviour of the bear. |
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They
made comments on what to do to respect other people's belongings. |
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ACTIVITY
No 2
"MY FRIEND THE POLICE OFFICER"
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Summary
of the activity:
The teacher will talk with the children on the work of the police,
who maintains order and watches over the belongings and the tranquillity
of the members of the community. Later he will invite a police officer
to the classroom so that he talks with the children and they ask him
some questions.
Objectives:
• That the children learn about the duties of the men who maintain
order in their community so that one can live with tranquillity and
peace.
• To develop in the children feelings of respect towards the
people who help us to live peacefully.
Procedures:
• Conversation
• Questions and answers
Material
Resources: Photos or pictures of the activities of the
caretakers of the public order. Videos in which these actions stand
out.
Development of the activity:
1st Part
The educator will talk with the children on the important
social work that the police do. These workers watch and take care
of the traffic so that the cars, buses, trucks, etc. do not hit each
other. They also take care of our houses, shops, supermarkets, factories
and do not let bad people who do not respect our belongings (clothes,
toys, electrical appliances, food, etc.) to enter to take the things
in those places or in our houses.
The
police also helps the old ones and the children to cross the streets
or to find their houses if they are lost.
2nd Part
The educator will set up the visit of a police officer to
the school so that he speaks with the children about his duties, always
making sure that he will speak to the children using an understandable
language for their age, and without violent stories. He must also
emphasize the work he does to take care of the tranquillity of the
citizens of the community and will relate his experiences in actions
to prevent bad men from stealing what does not belong to them (without
narrating violent acts).
The
police officer dressed in uniform will speak with the children on
what was arranged, trying that his story awakens emotions in them.
3rd Part
The children will be invited to ask questions mainly on
what they want to know about the work of these workers.
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CRITERIAL
ASSESSMENT |
Observed
conduct |
YES |
NO |
Comments |
They
behaved with respect to what they listened about the work of the police
officer. |
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Through
their expressions they showed appreciation for the work of the police
to take care of the belongings of the citizens and the community. |
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They
demonstrated interest to learn more about the work of the police. |
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ACTIVITY
No 3
"WHAT IS TO RESPECT OTHER PEOPLE'S BELONGINGS?"
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Summary
of the activity:
The children will create a collective poem in which they will express
their ideas about what is respect for other people's belongings.
Objectives:
• To reinforce the notion of respect for other people's belongings.
• To prepare the children for more complex activities on respect
for what is not ours.
Procedures:
• Recitation
• Verbal Expression
Material
Resources:
Pictures with images of actions of respect to other people's belongings,
tape recorder, videos.
Development of the activity:
The educator will remind the children
about what was said in previous activities about respect for other
people's belongings.
He
will ask the children to make a collective poem, in which he will
give the base, and each child will add a phrase, in order to compose
a poem among all, which will be recorded so that later they can
listen to the complete version.
Next,
he gives the beginning of the phrase "I respect other people's
things because.....”
Each
child takes a turn to speak, and the educator records their phrases.
In case a boy or girl does not know what to say the educator shows
a picture that shows an action of respect for other people's things.
He can also show some images of a video.
After
recording the poem they sit in a circle to listen to it, and to
change some part if they think it is necessary; in the following
days they will work to learn the poem.
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CRITERIAL
ASSESSMENT |
Observed
conduct |
YES |
NO |
Comments |
They
were not able to say phrases to compose the poem. |
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The
phrases that they gave for the poem reflected respect for other people's
things. |
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They
needed visual support to be able to say the phrases. |
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They
made spontaneous comments that reflected the typical notion of respect
for other people's things. |
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ACTIVITY
No 4
CRITICAL
EXPERIENCE FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE BLOCK
"LOOK
AND TALK"
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Summary
of the activity:
With this activity we will evaluate what the children have learned
in the previous activities.
The
activity consists of showing several pictures and the child has
to construct a story on what he sees in them, the educator will
ask questions or make suggestions to help him enrich the story.
Objectives:
To verify the children’s knowledge on respect for
other people's belongings.
Procedures:
• Observation
• Story
• Questions and answers
Material
Resources: Several decks of cards or pictures.
Development of the activity:
1st Part
A picture that represents a little animal taking over what
does not belong to it is presented to the child, for example:
•
A cat that goes into a kitchen to take a fish.
• A rabbit that takes a pie from the kitchen window.
• The bear from the story that snatches the honeycomb from
the little bee.
The
children will construct a story on what they see in the picture,
once it is finished, if the children have not been sufficiently
explicit as far as the description of the observed conduct, the
educator will ask the following questions:
What is
(the cat, the bear, the rabbit, etc.) doing?
Is it correct or incorrect, why?
What would you have done?
Each
child will make only one story on the picture that he chooses.
2nd Part
To the children who did not speak previously, the following
pictures are presented to them now:
•
A thief climbing out of the window of a house with a bundle on his
shoulder and a police officer that stops him.
• A forest guard calling the attention of a group of children
who are picking flowers in the park.
• A police officer at the school exit helping the children
to cross the street.
The
children will make their stories; each one will only make one story
on the picture that he chooses.
3rd Part
Now the following pictures are presented to the children
who still have to make their story.
•
A combat
• A very pretty school.
• The same school in ruins.
The
children will tell their stories imagining what has happened in
the school, with the children and their families.
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CRITERIAL
ASSESSMENT |
Observed
conduct |
YES |
NO |
Comments |
Through
their stories one appreciates that they have gained new knowledge
about respect for other people's rights and their work. |
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Through
their stories they demonstrated feelings of respect for other people's
rights and work. |
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They
were able to make a story in which respect for other people's belongings
stands out. |
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They
made comments with respect to respecting what does not belong to them.
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They proposed simple actions to respect other people's belongings
in the classroom. |
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